化學(xué)專(zhuān)業(yè)英語(yǔ)翻譯懂的翻譯下謝謝

Cn75mp9 2010-03-07 19:15:29 632 瀏覽

The X-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern was obtained on a Thermo ARL XTRA X-ray diffractometer with Cu K radiation ì 1.54178 ?). In situ XRD characterization was performed n a high-temperature attachment of the X-ray diffractometer. ... The X-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern was obtained on a Thermo ARL XTRA X-ray diffractometer with Cu K radiation ì 1.54178 ?). In situ XRD characterization was performed n a high-temperature attachment of the X-ray diffractometer. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) observation was performed with a JEOL JEM 2010 high-resolution transmission electron microscope (HRTEM) operated at 200 kV. The UV vis diffuse reflectance spectrum (DRS) was obtained from a Perkin-Elmer Lambda 900 UV vis spectroscopy machine. The precursor was characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FT- R) spectroscopy on a Perkin-Elmer Spectrum One FT-IR machine by using the KBr pellets method. 展開(kāi)

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gcv83 2010-03-17 00:00:00

Cu K 放射物可以在熱電的ARL XTRA X射線衍射儀上得到光繞射圖案。原位XRD表征應(yīng)該在高溫連接X(jué)-Ray衍射儀下體現(xiàn)。透射電子顯微鏡法應(yīng)該在a JEOL JEM 2010 高分辨透射電子顯微鏡 200KV下進(jìn)行。紫外-可見(jiàn)分光光度法可從Perkin-Elmer Lambda 900 紫外-可見(jiàn)光光譜機(jī)上獲得。前體以通過(guò)使用KBr 顆粒的方法在a Perkin-Elmer Spectrum One 紅外光譜機(jī)上呈現(xiàn)傅里葉變換紅外線光譜為特征。我想知道摟著給出的英文是一段連貫的文字嗎？

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宋大官99 2010-03-08 00:00:00

X -射線衍射（XRD）模式上獲得熱ARL公司XTRA電臺(tái)的X射線衍射儀輻射衍射儀 ì 1.54178 Å）。在現(xiàn)場(chǎng)進(jìn)行X射線衍射定性納高溫度附件的X射線衍射儀。透射電子顯微鏡（TEM）觀察，完成2010年電子等量運(yùn)動(dòng)高分辨透射電子顯微鏡（高分辨透射電子顯微鏡）經(jīng)營(yíng)的200千伏。在紫外可見(jiàn)漫反射光譜（草案）獲得珀金埃爾默拉姆達(dá)900紫外可見(jiàn)光譜機(jī)。前體的特點(diǎn)是，變換紅外（FT - R）的光譜上的Perkin - Elmer光譜儀紅外光譜機(jī)器使用KBr壓片法。

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化學(xué)專(zhuān)業(yè)英語(yǔ)翻譯懂的翻譯下謝謝: The X-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern was obtained on a Thermo ARL XTRA X-ray diffractometer with Cu K radiation ì 1.54178 ?). In situ XRD characterization was performed n a high-temperature attachment of the X-ray diffractometer. ... The X-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern was obtained on a Thermo ARL XTRA X-ray diffractometer with Cu K radiation ì 1.54178 ?). In situ XRD characterization was performed n a high-temperature attachment of the X-ray diffractometer. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) observation was performed with a JEOL JEM 2010 high-resolution transmission electron microscope (HRTEM) operated at 200 kV. The UV vis diffuse reflectance spectrum (DRS) was obtained from a Perkin-Elmer Lambda 900 UV vis spectroscopy machine. The precursor was characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FT- R) spectroscopy on a Perkin-Elmer Spectrum One FT-IR machine by using the KBr pellets method. 展開(kāi)

化學(xué)專(zhuān)業(yè)英語(yǔ)翻譯不要翻譯工具: D，L252單取代海因是工業(yè)生產(chǎn)D2氨基酸的重要前體[1～3]。海因酶具有底物特異性，D2海因酶(EC3151212)可轉(zhuǎn)化外消旋的D，L252單取代海因中的D型消旋體成為D2N2氨甲酰氨基酸，剩余的L252單取... D ，L252單取代海因是工業(yè)生產(chǎn) D2氨基酸的重要前體[1～3 ]。海因酶具有底物特異性，D2海因酶(EC 3151212)可轉(zhuǎn)化外消旋的D ，L252單取代海因中的D型消旋體成為D2N2氨甲酰氨基酸，剩余的L252單取代海因由于完全不被 D2海因酶所作用，如圖 1所示，先進(jìn)行消旋，從而使得 D ，L2海因完全轉(zhuǎn)化為光學(xué)純的 D2N2氨甲酰氨基酸，并進(jìn)一步被轉(zhuǎn)化為D2氨基酸。因此，52單取代海因的自發(fā)消旋成為L(zhǎng)2或D2N2氨甲酰氨基酸生產(chǎn)中的一個(gè)重要的步驟。若海因的自發(fā)消旋速率遠(yuǎn)低于海因水解酶的水解速率，則海因的消旋將成為D2N2氨甲酰氨基酸生產(chǎn)中的一個(gè)限速步驟。目前關(guān)于 52單取代海因的消旋的文獻(xiàn)非常少，海因消旋的細(xì)節(jié)問(wèn)題也沒(méi)有被完全揭示。 1 材料與方法 111 實(shí)驗(yàn)材料 L2丙氨酸(國(guó)家生化工程ZX) 、 L2苯丙氨酸(國(guó)家生化工程ZX) 、氰酸鈉(江都化工廠) ，其他試劑為國(guó)產(chǎn)分析純?cè)噭?112 實(shí)驗(yàn)方法 11211 52取代海因衍生物的制備采用Henze2Speer法[4～5 ]進(jìn)行52取代海因衍生物的制備: 反應(yīng)溫度為60～80 ℃。反應(yīng)6 h后，加入鹽酸酸化，繼續(xù)加熱 8 h ，冷卻后過(guò)濾得到的固體用酒精和水的混合溶液重結(jié)晶，得到無(wú)色晶狀目的產(chǎn)物。因使用的氨基酸不同，反應(yīng)條件略有變化，產(chǎn)率一般為40 %～80 % ，所得的52取代海因具有和底物氨基酸相同的旋光方向。 11212 海因衍生物的消旋 a.精確稱(chēng)量41000 g L252甲基海因，溶解于蒸餾水中，定容至250 mL ，測(cè)定其旋光度，并以此值為未消旋化的起始數(shù)據(jù)。 b.用 6 mol/ L 的 NaOH溶液調(diào)整海因溶液 pH值達(dá)810 ，90 ℃水浴2 h ，于旋光儀上測(cè)定其旋光度。 c.同 b ，依次調(diào)節(jié)溶液pH值為710、 810、 910 ，分別測(cè)定其旋光度。 d.同 b ，依次于50 ℃水浴中及室溫下恒溫2 h ，分別測(cè)定其旋光度，并與起始數(shù)據(jù)對(duì)比，計(jì)算消旋比 r ( %) :r =αt/α0 ，其中αt 為 t 時(shí)間溶液的旋光度，α0為溶液初始旋光度。 11213 海因的堿解精確稱(chēng)量41000 g L252甲基海因，溶解于蒸餾水中，定容至 250 mL ，用 NaOH溶液和鹽酸分別調(diào)至pH = 2、 8、 12 ， 90 ℃水浴反應(yīng)4 h ，中間取樣測(cè)定其N(xiāo)2氨甲酰丙氨酸濃度。 11214 海因的轉(zhuǎn)化采用012 %的海因溶液，按 w (底物)∶ w (菌泥)= 1∶ 5的比例，于pH 915 ，溫度40 ℃下進(jìn)行轉(zhuǎn)化。取樣:取樣10 mL ，加入 5 mL 三停止反應(yīng) ，搖勻，放冰箱待測(cè)。 3 結(jié) 論 311 海因的消旋遵循本文所提出的碳負(fù)離子理論，其消旋過(guò)程為一級(jí)反應(yīng)動(dòng)力學(xué)過(guò)程。由海因消旋的半衰期可看出提高溫度和pH對(duì)海因的消旋均有利，但pH過(guò)高的情況下海因則會(huì)發(fā)生堿解反應(yīng)從而造成損失。 312 本文采用的海因轉(zhuǎn)化酶系中所含為 D2海因酶，對(duì)D2海因的轉(zhuǎn)化活性非常高，由此可見(jiàn) ，如若采用的轉(zhuǎn)化體系中沒(méi)有消旋酶的存在，則海因的消旋成為海因酶轉(zhuǎn)化生產(chǎn)光學(xué)活性氨基酸的一個(gè)限速步驟。展開(kāi)

化學(xué)專(zhuān)業(yè)英語(yǔ)翻譯: 以Na2WO4.2H2O和Zn(NO3)2.6H2O為原料，采用水熱法制備出ZnWO4納米晶催化劑。以曙紅B為目標(biāo)降解物，研究了ZnWO4催化劑的光催化性能，探討了水熱溫度、水熱時(shí)間和水熱溶液pH值對(duì)ZnWO4催化劑的結(jié)晶形態(tài)及光催化活性的影響規(guī)律，結(jié)果表明:在酸性條件下制備的ZnWO4為片... 以Na2WO4.2H2O和Zn(NO3)2.6H2O為原料，采用水熱法制備出ZnWO4納米晶催化劑。以曙紅B為目標(biāo)降解物，研究了ZnWO4催化劑的光催化性能，探討了水熱溫度、水熱時(shí)間和水熱溶液pH值對(duì)ZnWO4催化劑的結(jié)晶形態(tài)及光催化活性的影響規(guī)律，結(jié)果表明:在酸性條件下制備的ZnWO4為片狀結(jié)構(gòu)，鏈狀分布，而在堿性條件下為棒狀結(jié)構(gòu)。在180℃，24 h的制備條件下，ZnWO4催化劑顯示出Z高的光催化活性。水熱溶液pH=5和pH=8時(shí)制得的催化劑在2 h內(nèi)對(duì)5 mg/L的曙紅B溶液的脫色率分別達(dá)到86%和95%。制備過(guò)程中溶液的pH值，催化劑的晶態(tài)和比表面積是影響催化劑活性的重要因素。展開(kāi)

幫忙翻譯下專(zhuān)業(yè)日語(yǔ)！: 急用，謝謝！

應(yīng)用化學(xué)專(zhuān)業(yè)英語(yǔ)翻譯: Herein， we present a template approach that allows for the incorporation of normally labile metal centers， such as copper(I)， copper(II)， and silver(I)， into DNA branch points(Scheme 1 a). Remarkably high structural stability and chir-al... Herein， we present a template approach that allows for the incorporation of normally labile metal centers， such as copper(I)， copper(II)， and silver(I)， into DNA branch points(Scheme 1 a). Remarkably high structural stability and chir-ality transfer to the metal complex are demonstrated. More-over， we have used this approach to generate the first example of a dynamic multimetallic metal–DNA assembly， with three metal complexes as the corners， single-stranded DNA as the sides， and multiple DNA double strands at the periphery (Scheme 1 d). We demonstrate quantitative and reversible structural switching of these metal–DNA nanostructures by adding specific DNA strands， resulting in controlled modu-lation of the metal–metal distances.This contribution thus allows the programmable generation of structurally dynamic multimetallic metal–DNA assemblies， with anticipated appli-cations in nanoelectronics， nanooptics， artificial photosyn-thesis， high-density data storage， and catalysis. To create stable and electroactive metal–DNA junctions，we examined the attachment of the ligand bis(2，9-diphenyl)-1，10-phenanthroline (dpp) to DNA (Scheme 1 a). This ligand has been used by the groups of Sauvage and others to generate interwoven structures.[10]It forms complexes such as [Cu(dpp)2]+， whose redox potential falls within the compat-ible window for DNA bases (+ 0.8 to-0.7V vs. saturated calomel electrode， SCE) 展開(kāi)

專(zhuān)業(yè)英語(yǔ)翻譯，急用: This paper presents a procedure for preparing a nanofluid which is solid–liquid composite material consisting of solid nanoparticles with sizes typically of 1–100 nm suspended in liquid. By means of the procedure， Cu–H2O nanofluids with... This paper presents a procedure for preparing a nanofluid which is solid–liquid composite material consisting of solid nanoparticles with sizes typically of 1–100 nm suspended in liquid. By means of the procedure， Cu–H2O nanofluids with and without dispersant were prepared， whose sediment photographs and particle size distribution were given to illustrate the stability and evenness of suspension with dispersant. Aiming at the dispersion of nano-Cu is regarded as the guide of heat transfer enhancement， the dispersion behavior of Cu nanoparticles in water were studied under different pH values， different dispersant types and concentration by the method of zeta potential， absorbency and sedimentation photographs. The results show that zeta potential has good corresponding relation with absorbency， and the higher absolute value of zeta potential and the absorbency are， the better dispersion and stability in system is. The absolute value of zeta potential and the absorbency are higher at pH 9.5. Hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (CATB) and sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate (SDBS) can significantly increase the absolute value of zeta potential of particle surfaces by electrostatic repulsions， and polyoxyethylene (10) nonyl phenyl ether (TX-10) can form a thick hydration layer on the particle surfaces by steric interference， which leads to the enhancement of the stability for Cu suspensions. In the 0.1% copper nano-suspensions， the optimizing concentrations for TX-10， CATB， and SDBS are 0.43， 0.05， and 0.07%， respectively， which have the best dispersion results. . 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Keywords: Copper nano-suspensions; Dispersion and stability; Zeta potential; Absorbency 展開(kāi)

英語(yǔ)翻譯，很專(zhuān)業(yè)的生物英語(yǔ)，翻譯器的不要，謝謝: Results:Membranefractionsfromthree-dayand200mMsalt-treatedArabidopsissuspensionplantswereisolated，followedbyproteaseshavingandenrichmentusingZirconiumion-chargedmagneticb... Results: Membrane fractions from three-day and 200 mM salt-treated Arabidopsis suspension plants were isolated， followed by protease shaving and enrichment using Zirconium ion-charged magnetic beads， and tandem mass spectrometry analyses. From this isolation， 18 phosphorylation sites from 15 Arabidopsis proteins were identified. A unique phosphorylation site in 14-3-3- interacting protein AHA1 was predominately identified in 200 mM salt-treated plants. We also identified some phosphorylation sites in aquaporins. A doubly phosphorylated peptide of PIP2;1 as well as a phosphopeptide containing a single phosphorylation site (Ser-283) and a phosphopeptide containing another site (Ser-286) of aquaporin PIP2;4 were identified respectively. These two sites appeared to be novel of which were not reported before. In addition， quantitative analyses of protein phosphorylation with either label-free or stable-isotope labeling were also employed in this study. The results indicated that level of phosphopeptides on five membrane proteins such as AHA1， STP1， Patellin-2， probable inactive receptor kinase (At3g02880)， and probable purine permease 18 showed at least two-fold increase in comparison to control in response to 200 mM salt-stress. 展開(kāi)

材料專(zhuān)業(yè)英語(yǔ)翻譯(很短)(英譯中) 用翻譯軟件就免了25: 7.2.4 Current Status of Sputtering Magnetron sputtering is the most widely used sputtering method and one of the wellestablished coating techniques used for microelectronic applications such as metallization and magnetic devices. In the ... 7.2.4 Current Status of Sputtering Magnetron sputtering is the most widely used sputtering method and one of the wellestablished coating techniques used for microelectronic applications such as metallization and magnetic devices. In the last several years， many nanometer multilayer structures based on different material systems and/or microstructures have been prepared by sputtering. However， the material systems are mainly limited to conductors and nitrides. Nevertheless， nanolayer BaTiO3 (Jia， et al.， 1995a) and nanometer multilayer structures based on simple oxide materials such as Y2O3/ZeO2 superlattice (Yashar， et al.， 1999) have been prepared by sputtering. 展開(kāi)

誰(shuí)能翻譯這段英文，化學(xué)專(zhuān)業(yè)方面的，很難: This work examines the behaviour of fluorine modified b-PbO2 electrodes in the processes of O2 and O3 evolution in sulphuric acid. The electrochemical kinetic analyses of these processes are based on quasi-steady-state polarisation and impe... This work examines the behaviour of fluorine modified b-PbO2 electrodes in the processes of O2 and O3 evolution in sulphuric acid. The electrochemical kinetic analyses of these processes are based on quasi-steady-state polarisation and impedance data. The good agreement between the two sets of measurements allows some basic conclusions to be drawn. In particular， the O2 evolution process is always inhibited at F-doped PbO2 electrodes， and impedance results suggest possible changes in the mechanism， with electrodesorption of intermediates becoming more important as the concentration of the doping element increases. The interpretation of the data for the less positive potentials region invokes the specific adsorption of SO4 as a factor influencing the kinetics of O2 evolution. The current efficiency for O3 formation as a function of the amount of NaF added to the PbO2 growth solution reaches a maximum for a concentration of 0.01 mol dm3. A plausible cause for the decrease on the higher concentration side is the discharge of adsorbed SO4 2 (or HSO4 ) eventually yielding persulphate. This reaction is known to be favoured in the presence of a relatively high amount of fluoride in the electrolyte. An analysis of the results of modified neglect of diatomic differential overlap (MNDO) calculations on Pb cluster models and of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) data suggests that the coverage by weakly adsorbed oxygen species (OH and H2O) is an important parameter that is influenced by F-doping. ? 1999 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. 展開(kāi)

求專(zhuān)業(yè)的英語(yǔ)達(dá)人幫忙翻譯下萬(wàn)分感謝: Caution:Do not place your finger over the vent(it pressurizes the sensor) to test the flow indicator when gas is flowing to the sensor.removing your finger (the restriction) generates a vacuum on the sensor and maydamage the sensor(voiding ... Caution:Do not place your finger over the vent(it pressurizes the sensor) to test the flow indicator when gas is flowing to the sensor.removing your finger (the restriction) generates a vacuum on the sensor and maydamage the sensor(voiding the sensor warraty). Positive pressure applications: If the sample pressure is greater than 30 psign an external pressure regulator(optional) is required upsteram of the analyzer to control of sample flow.a pressure regulator with a metallic diaphragm is recommended to prevent high oxygen reading that cuold result from the use of diaphragms constructed of more gas permeable materisls. If other optionoal sample system components such as coiled metal tubing(samples must be colled to at least 35-40℃ for continuous use)，coalescing filters ，scrubbers，etc.are required install the pressure rugulator after the coiled tubing and bofore the other components and the analyzer.a scrubber requires a flow valve upstream for optimum efficiency and response time and that the analyzer flow valve is opened completely. Atmospheric or slightly negative pressure applications: For accurate high ppb and/or low ppm range measurements，an optional simple pump is required downstream of the analyzer to draw the sample through the analyzer.The cacuum drawn on the analyzer and sensor should not exceed 4”of water. Caution:Use ofpump downstream of the sensor requires the floe control valve upstream of the sensor be completely opened to avoid drawing ercessive vacuum in the sensor，which can damage the sensor. If pump over-loading(due to the limitation of low flow rate of the sample gas)is a comsideration，a second throttle valve on the pump’s inlet side may be necessary to provide a bypass path，as illustrated below，to prevent the pump from over-loading and over-heating while miantaining the required sample flow rate within the above-mentioned parameters 展開(kāi)

幫我翻譯下8種有機(jī)錫化物的名字！謝謝！: 幫我翻譯下8種有機(jī)錫化物的名字！謝謝！Monobutyltin/Monooctyltin/Dibutyltin/Dioctytlin/Triphenyltin/Triphenyltin/Tricyclohexyltin/Tetrabutyltin.... 幫我翻譯下8種有機(jī)錫化物的名字！謝謝！Monobutyltin/Monooctyltin/Dibutyltin/ Dioctytlin/Triphenyltin/Triphenyltin/Tricyclohexyltin/Tetrabutyltin. 展開(kāi)

高分求高人翻譯植物化學(xué)英文材料，謝謝: Review Enzymatic protein hydrolysis plays a major role in various physiological processes， including digestion， and is regulated by proteinase inhibitors. Inhibitors in foods and food ingredients can reduce the absorption of free amino aci... Review Enzymatic protein hydrolysis plays a major role in various physiological processes， including digestion， and is regulated by proteinase inhibitors. Inhibitors in foods and food ingredients can reduce the absorption of free amino acids， and can impair protein hydrolysis in industrial processes. However， inhibitors can be useful tools in pest control， in the prevention and treatment of diseases such as cancers and AIDS， and in the elimination of unwanted proteinase activity in food processes. Proteinase inhibitors are also useful biochemical tools for studying proteinase classes and specificities. This article discusses how proteinase inhibition is involved in some processes of current interest to food scientists and technologists. Enzymatic protein hydrolysis is a major concern for biological scientists. The hydrolysis of proteins is catalyzed by peptide-bond-splitting enzymes (Box 1). Proteinases and peptidases are involved in the hydrolysis of protein during digestion， and have important roles in physiology and pathology. Enzymatic protein hydrolysis is controlled in several ways， including by the use of specific inhibitors (Box 2). Proteinase inhibition is a common process in nature. Proteinase-inhibitor interactions are involved in protein digestion， various physiological processes (e.g. blood coagulation， fibrinolysis， complement activation and phagocytosis)， pathological processes (e.g. cancers and hypertension) and infection Another natural method of controlling proteinase activity is the synthesis of an inactive form of the enzyme， the zymogen. Zymogens are activated， usually by the action of another proteinase， in the digestive system and also during regulatory physiological processes. When an enzyme is in its active form， proteinase inhibition is an exquisite means of enzyme control in physiological processes， which is achieved by highly specific inhibitors. The importance of the control of proteolytic activity by inhibitors in physiological processes is demonstrated by the fact that inhibitor molecules exceed 10% of the total protein in human plasma. The fact that the control of proteolysis by inhibitors is so specific makes it a valuable tool in medicine， agriculture and food technology. The human immune deficiency virus proteinase， the digestive systems of crop pests， and fish muscle proteases are some examples of targets for study. Most organisms produce proteinase inhibitors as a means to control proteolytic processes.Some organisms store huge amounts of inhibitors， for example legume seeds and some leaves. This seems to be an evolutionary response to predation. Inhibitors for digestive proteinases in food and feed Some food ingredients contain so-called antinutritive factors: lectins， phenols， and other factors， including certain proteins that inhibit proteinases. The presence of proteinase inhibitors in living tissues seems to be a natural regulatory process 展開(kāi)

求化學(xué)翻譯: Graphite powder (<20m)， hydrazine， ammonia， N，Ndimethylformamide (DMF)， dopamine， 0.01M phosphate buffered saline (PBS; 0.138M NaCl， 0.0027M KCl， pH 7.4)， and ascorbic acid were purchased form Aldrich and used as received. Doubly disti... Graphite powder (<20m)， hydrazine， ammonia， N，Ndimethylformamide (DMF)， dopamine， 0.01M phosphate buffered saline (PBS; 0.138M NaCl， 0.0027M KCl， pH 7.4)， and ascorbic acid were purchased form Aldrich and used as received. Doubly distilled water was used throughout the whole experiments. The data of cyclic voltammetry (CV)， differential pulse voltammetry (DPV)， and electrochemical impedance spectra were obtained with a CHI 660 electrochemical workstation (CH instruments， Austin， TX). The electrochemical cell consisted of GCE (3mm diameter， Bioanalytical Systems， Inc.) as working electrode， Ag/AgCl (Bioanalytical Systems， Inc.) as reference electrode， and platinum wire as counter electrode. The impedance data were fitted to an appropriate equivalent circuit using ZsimpWin 3.0 software (Echem Software). The Raman spectra of graphene were obtained by micro-Raman system equipped with a homemade sample stage， a monochromator (SPEX 500 M)， and a CCD camera (Roger Scientific model 7346-001) with 514.5nm wavelength laser line. Graphene was characterized by field emission scanning electron microscope (SUPRA 55VP， Carl Zeiss) and atomic force microscope (NanostationII， Surface Imaging Systems). 展開(kāi)

翻譯英文~專(zhuān)業(yè)類(lèi)的: Whilegraphene，acarbon-basedtwo-dimensionalnanomaterials，hasreceivedanupsurgeofinterest，[1]self-assemblyofsmallorganicandorganometallicmoleculesinto2Dnanostructurescouldal... While graphene， a carbon-based two-dimensional nanomaterials， has received an upsurge of interest，[1] self-assembly of small organic and organometallic molecules into 2D nanostructures could also be harnessed to develop new classes of functional supramolecular nanomaterials.[2] In principle， quasi-2D lamellae or nanosheets are planar structures having a thickness less than 100 nm and lateral dimensions a few orders of magnitude greater than their thickness. Control over the bilateral intermolecular noncovalent interactions is anticipated to organize small molecules into regular 2D nanostructures， which has been a formidable challenge yet to be achieved. Recently， Shelnutt and co-workers obtained discrete porphyrin nanosheets reprecipitated from their solutions;[3] Sathish and co-workers constructed hexagonal C60 nanosheets using a liquid–liquid interfacial precipitation method;[4] the groups of Yao[5] and Hu[6] prepared singlecrystalline nanosheets of polycyclic aromatics using a surfactant- assisted reprecipitation and a physical vapor transporting method， respectively; and Zhang and co-workers suggested that molecules with intramolecular charge-transfer dipole moments could be grown into quasi-2D nanostructures.[7] Moreover， some amphiphiles and organogelators were found to self-organize into sheet-like nanostructures in contact with solvents.[8] Despite these advances， templateand surfactant-free synthesis of free-standing， crystalline， and optoelectronically active nanosheets from small molecules remains elusive. 展開(kāi)

化學(xué)類(lèi)的句子翻譯: 句子如下：An artifact of the sample preparation for XPS analysis was considered， but various procedures gave the same result. ZD在前半句，XPS為專(zhuān)有名詞--X射線光電子能譜求英化達(dá)人翻譯

求英語(yǔ)翻譯一句話關(guān)于超聲波傳感器的謝謝: The radial resolution of multiple echoes ( Rres ) means the resolution of detection distance by calculating minimum interval time of between the 1st echo and the 2nd echo ( Tres ). 主要告訴我 radial resolution 是什么意思啊謝謝

計(jì)時(shí)器的英文，計(jì)時(shí)器的翻譯，怎么用英語(yǔ)翻譯計(jì)時(shí)器:

金相組織的英文，金相組織的翻譯，怎么用英語(yǔ)翻譯金相:

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