材料專業(yè)英語(yǔ)翻譯(很短)(英譯中) 用翻譯軟件就免了25

Xiaohaolovedan 2008-06-11 15:41:09 613 瀏覽

7.2.4 Current Status of Sputtering Magnetron sputtering is the most widely used sputtering method and one of the wellestablished coating techniques used for microelectronic applications such as metallization and magnetic devices. In the ... 7.2.4 Current Status of Sputtering Magnetron sputtering is the most widely used sputtering method and one of the wellestablished coating techniques used for microelectronic applications such as metallization and magnetic devices. In the last several years， many nanometer multilayer structures based on different material systems and/or microstructures have been prepared by sputtering. However， the material systems are mainly limited to conductors and nitrides. Nevertheless， nanolayer BaTiO3 (Jia， et al.， 1995a) and nanometer multilayer structures based on simple oxide materials such as Y2O3/ZeO2 superlattice (Yashar， et al.， 1999) have been prepared by sputtering. 展開

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rachael1996 2008-06-12 00:00:00

7.2.4現(xiàn)狀濺射磁控濺射是Z廣泛使用的濺射方法和其中的wellestablished 涂層技術(shù)用于微電子應(yīng)用，如金屬和磁性裝置。在過去的幾年中，許多納米多層結(jié)構(gòu)基于不同的材料系統(tǒng)和/或顯微組織已準(zhǔn)備就緒由濺射。不過，材料系統(tǒng)，主要是有限的，以指揮家和氮化物。不過， nanolayer鈦酸鋇（賈，等人， 1995年）和納米多層結(jié)構(gòu)的基礎(chǔ)上簡(jiǎn)單的氧化物材料，如y2o3/zeo2超晶格（亞沙爾，等人， 1999年）已準(zhǔn)備由濺射。

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材料專業(yè)英語(yǔ)翻譯(很短)(英譯中) 用翻譯軟件就免了25: 7.2.4 Current Status of Sputtering Magnetron sputtering is the most widely used sputtering method and one of the wellestablished coating techniques used for microelectronic applications such as metallization and magnetic devices. In the ... 7.2.4 Current Status of Sputtering Magnetron sputtering is the most widely used sputtering method and one of the wellestablished coating techniques used for microelectronic applications such as metallization and magnetic devices. In the last several years， many nanometer multilayer structures based on different material systems and/or microstructures have been prepared by sputtering. However， the material systems are mainly limited to conductors and nitrides. Nevertheless， nanolayer BaTiO3 (Jia， et al.， 1995a) and nanometer multilayer structures based on simple oxide materials such as Y2O3/ZeO2 superlattice (Yashar， et al.， 1999) have been prepared by sputtering. 展開

化學(xué)專業(yè)英語(yǔ)翻譯不要翻譯工具: D，L252單取代海因是工業(yè)生產(chǎn)D2氨基酸的重要前體[1～3]。海因酶具有底物特異性，D2海因酶(EC3151212)可轉(zhuǎn)化外消旋的D，L252單取代海因中的D型消旋體成為D2N2氨甲酰氨基酸，剩余的L252單取... D ，L252單取代海因是工業(yè)生產(chǎn) D2氨基酸的重要前體[1～3 ]。海因酶具有底物特異性，D2海因酶(EC 3151212)可轉(zhuǎn)化外消旋的D ，L252單取代海因中的D型消旋體成為D2N2氨甲酰氨基酸，剩余的L252單取代海因由于完全不被 D2海因酶所作用，如圖 1所示，先進(jìn)行消旋，從而使得 D ，L2海因完全轉(zhuǎn)化為光學(xué)純的 D2N2氨甲酰氨基酸，并進(jìn)一步被轉(zhuǎn)化為D2氨基酸。因此，52單取代海因的自發(fā)消旋成為L(zhǎng)2或D2N2氨甲酰氨基酸生產(chǎn)中的一個(gè)重要的步驟。若海因的自發(fā)消旋速率遠(yuǎn)低于海因水解酶的水解速率，則海因的消旋將成為D2N2氨甲酰氨基酸生產(chǎn)中的一個(gè)限速步驟。目前關(guān)于 52單取代海因的消旋的文獻(xiàn)非常少，海因消旋的細(xì)節(jié)問題也沒有被完全揭示。 1 材料與方法 111 實(shí)驗(yàn)材料 L2丙氨酸(國(guó)家生化工程ZX) 、 L2苯丙氨酸(國(guó)家生化工程ZX) 、氰酸鈉(江都化工廠) ，其他試劑為國(guó)產(chǎn)分析純?cè)噭?112 實(shí)驗(yàn)方法 11211 52取代海因衍生物的制備采用Henze2Speer法[4～5 ]進(jìn)行52取代海因衍生物的制備: 反應(yīng)溫度為60～80 ℃。反應(yīng)6 h后，加入鹽酸酸化，繼續(xù)加熱 8 h ，冷卻后過濾得到的固體用酒精和水的混合溶液重結(jié)晶，得到無(wú)色晶狀目的產(chǎn)物。因使用的氨基酸不同，反應(yīng)條件略有變化，產(chǎn)率一般為40 %～80 % ，所得的52取代海因具有和底物氨基酸相同的旋光方向。 11212 海因衍生物的消旋 a.精確稱量41000 g L252甲基海因，溶解于蒸餾水中，定容至250 mL ，測(cè)定其旋光度，并以此值為未消旋化的起始數(shù)據(jù)。 b.用 6 mol/ L 的 NaOH溶液調(diào)整海因溶液 pH值達(dá)810 ，90 ℃水浴2 h ，于旋光儀上測(cè)定其旋光度。 c.同 b ，依次調(diào)節(jié)溶液pH值為710、 810、 910 ，分別測(cè)定其旋光度。 d.同 b ，依次于50 ℃水浴中及室溫下恒溫2 h ，分別測(cè)定其旋光度，并與起始數(shù)據(jù)對(duì)比，計(jì)算消旋比 r ( %) :r =αt/α0 ，其中αt 為 t 時(shí)間溶液的旋光度，α0為溶液初始旋光度。 11213 海因的堿解精確稱量41000 g L252甲基海因，溶解于蒸餾水中，定容至 250 mL ，用 NaOH溶液和鹽酸分別調(diào)至pH = 2、 8、 12 ， 90 ℃水浴反應(yīng)4 h ，中間取樣測(cè)定其N2氨甲酰丙氨酸濃度。 11214 海因的轉(zhuǎn)化采用012 %的海因溶液，按 w (底物)∶ w (菌泥)= 1∶ 5的比例，于pH 915 ，溫度40 ℃下進(jìn)行轉(zhuǎn)化。取樣:取樣10 mL ，加入 5 mL 三停止反應(yīng) ，搖勻，放冰箱待測(cè)。 3 結(jié) 論 311 海因的消旋遵循本文所提出的碳負(fù)離子理論，其消旋過程為一級(jí)反應(yīng)動(dòng)力學(xué)過程。由海因消旋的半衰期可看出提高溫度和pH對(duì)海因的消旋均有利，但pH過高的情況下海因則會(huì)發(fā)生堿解反應(yīng)從而造成損失。 312 本文采用的海因轉(zhuǎn)化酶系中所含為 D2海因酶，對(duì)D2海因的轉(zhuǎn)化活性非常高，由此可見，如若采用的轉(zhuǎn)化體系中沒有消旋酶的存在，則海因的消旋成為海因酶轉(zhuǎn)化生產(chǎn)光學(xué)活性氨基酸的一個(gè)限速步驟。展開

請(qǐng)翻譯成英文用工具就免了: 單氯代苯酐熔融法合成工藝條件的研究摘要不論3位4位的氯代苯酐都具有較高的活性，是重要的基本的化工原料。本文介紹了常壓下以3(4)-硝基苯酐混合物為原料，在熔融狀態(tài)下通入氯氣的方法... 單氯代苯酐熔融法合成工藝條件的研究摘要不論3位4位的氯代苯酐都具有較高的活性，是重要的基本的化工原料。本文介紹了常壓下以3(4)-硝基苯酐混合物為原料，在熔融狀態(tài)下通入氯氣的方法制備3(4)-氯代苯酐的混合物?？紤]了實(shí)驗(yàn)條件，研究了實(shí)驗(yàn)的可行性。采用液相色譜分析方法測(cè)定產(chǎn)物的百分含量，考察溫度、時(shí)間、氯氣流量等條件對(duì)產(chǎn)物選擇性、收率和純度的影響。實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明：該反應(yīng)的Z佳反應(yīng)溫度范圍為210～220℃，控制氯氣流量在100個(gè)氣泡35秒左右，在上述反應(yīng)條件下持續(xù)反應(yīng)時(shí)間達(dá)到7小時(shí)，反應(yīng)收率可達(dá)85%左右，為Z佳反應(yīng)條件。關(guān)鍵詞：3(4)-硝基苯酐，氯氣，3(4)-氯代苯酐，熔融法，制備問題補(bǔ)充：請(qǐng)翻譯成英文展開

化學(xué)專業(yè)英語(yǔ)翻譯懂的翻譯下謝謝: The X-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern was obtained on a Thermo ARL XTRA X-ray diffractometer with Cu K radiation ì 1.54178 ?). In situ XRD characterization was performed n a high-temperature attachment of the X-ray diffractometer. ... The X-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern was obtained on a Thermo ARL XTRA X-ray diffractometer with Cu K radiation ì 1.54178 ?). In situ XRD characterization was performed n a high-temperature attachment of the X-ray diffractometer. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) observation was performed with a JEOL JEM 2010 high-resolution transmission electron microscope (HRTEM) operated at 200 kV. The UV vis diffuse reflectance spectrum (DRS) was obtained from a Perkin-Elmer Lambda 900 UV vis spectroscopy machine. The precursor was characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FT- R) spectroscopy on a Perkin-Elmer Spectrum One FT-IR machine by using the KBr pellets method. 展開

應(yīng)用化學(xué)專業(yè)英語(yǔ)翻譯: Herein， we present a template approach that allows for the incorporation of normally labile metal centers， such as copper(I)， copper(II)， and silver(I)， into DNA branch points(Scheme 1 a). Remarkably high structural stability and chir-al... Herein， we present a template approach that allows for the incorporation of normally labile metal centers， such as copper(I)， copper(II)， and silver(I)， into DNA branch points(Scheme 1 a). Remarkably high structural stability and chir-ality transfer to the metal complex are demonstrated. More-over， we have used this approach to generate the first example of a dynamic multimetallic metal–DNA assembly， with three metal complexes as the corners， single-stranded DNA as the sides， and multiple DNA double strands at the periphery (Scheme 1 d). We demonstrate quantitative and reversible structural switching of these metal–DNA nanostructures by adding specific DNA strands， resulting in controlled modu-lation of the metal–metal distances.This contribution thus allows the programmable generation of structurally dynamic multimetallic metal–DNA assemblies， with anticipated appli-cations in nanoelectronics， nanooptics， artificial photosyn-thesis， high-density data storage， and catalysis. To create stable and electroactive metal–DNA junctions，we examined the attachment of the ligand bis(2，9-diphenyl)-1，10-phenanthroline (dpp) to DNA (Scheme 1 a). This ligand has been used by the groups of Sauvage and others to generate interwoven structures.[10]It forms complexes such as [Cu(dpp)2]+， whose redox potential falls within the compat-ible window for DNA bases (+ 0.8 to-0.7V vs. saturated calomel electrode， SCE) 展開

化學(xué)專業(yè)英語(yǔ)翻譯: 以Na2WO4.2H2O和Zn(NO3)2.6H2O為原料，采用水熱法制備出ZnWO4納米晶催化劑。以曙紅B為目標(biāo)降解物，研究了ZnWO4催化劑的光催化性能，探討了水熱溫度、水熱時(shí)間和水熱溶液pH值對(duì)ZnWO4催化劑的結(jié)晶形態(tài)及光催化活性的影響規(guī)律，結(jié)果表明:在酸性條件下制備的ZnWO4為片... 以Na2WO4.2H2O和Zn(NO3)2.6H2O為原料，采用水熱法制備出ZnWO4納米晶催化劑。以曙紅B為目標(biāo)降解物，研究了ZnWO4催化劑的光催化性能，探討了水熱溫度、水熱時(shí)間和水熱溶液pH值對(duì)ZnWO4催化劑的結(jié)晶形態(tài)及光催化活性的影響規(guī)律，結(jié)果表明:在酸性條件下制備的ZnWO4為片狀結(jié)構(gòu)，鏈狀分布，而在堿性條件下為棒狀結(jié)構(gòu)。在180℃，24 h的制備條件下，ZnWO4催化劑顯示出Z高的光催化活性。水熱溶液pH=5和pH=8時(shí)制得的催化劑在2 h內(nèi)對(duì)5 mg/L的曙紅B溶液的脫色率分別達(dá)到86%和95%。制備過程中溶液的pH值，催化劑的晶態(tài)和比表面積是影響催化劑活性的重要因素。展開

專業(yè)英語(yǔ)翻譯，急用: This paper presents a procedure for preparing a nanofluid which is solid–liquid composite material consisting of solid nanoparticles with sizes typically of 1–100 nm suspended in liquid. By means of the procedure， Cu–H2O nanofluids with... This paper presents a procedure for preparing a nanofluid which is solid–liquid composite material consisting of solid nanoparticles with sizes typically of 1–100 nm suspended in liquid. By means of the procedure， Cu–H2O nanofluids with and without dispersant were prepared， whose sediment photographs and particle size distribution were given to illustrate the stability and evenness of suspension with dispersant. Aiming at the dispersion of nano-Cu is regarded as the guide of heat transfer enhancement， the dispersion behavior of Cu nanoparticles in water were studied under different pH values， different dispersant types and concentration by the method of zeta potential， absorbency and sedimentation photographs. The results show that zeta potential has good corresponding relation with absorbency， and the higher absolute value of zeta potential and the absorbency are， the better dispersion and stability in system is. The absolute value of zeta potential and the absorbency are higher at pH 9.5. Hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (CATB) and sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate (SDBS) can significantly increase the absolute value of zeta potential of particle surfaces by electrostatic repulsions， and polyoxyethylene (10) nonyl phenyl ether (TX-10) can form a thick hydration layer on the particle surfaces by steric interference， which leads to the enhancement of the stability for Cu suspensions. In the 0.1% copper nano-suspensions， the optimizing concentrations for TX-10， CATB， and SDBS are 0.43， 0.05， and 0.07%， respectively， which have the best dispersion results. . 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Keywords: Copper nano-suspensions; Dispersion and stability; Zeta potential; Absorbency 展開

計(jì)時(shí)器的英文，計(jì)時(shí)器的翻譯，怎么用英語(yǔ)翻譯計(jì)時(shí)器:

金相組織的英文，金相組織的翻譯，怎么用英語(yǔ)翻譯金相:

藥品柜的英文，藥品柜的翻譯，怎么用英語(yǔ)翻譯藥品柜:

鑷子的英文，鑷子的翻譯，怎么用英語(yǔ)翻譯鑷子，鑷子用:

鉆孔的英文，鉆孔的翻譯，怎么用英語(yǔ)翻譯鉆孔，鉆孔用:

單體的英文，單體的翻譯，怎么用英語(yǔ)翻譯單體，單體用:

防護(hù)面罩的英文，防護(hù)面罩的翻譯，怎么用英語(yǔ)翻譯防護(hù):

高分英譯中 (5): CIPTankFill–theCIPtankisfilledfromoneoftheunitsinoperation.CIPTankHeating–foracidCIPs，thewaterintheCIPtankisheatedto40°C.Backwash-Theskidisbackwashedtoremoveexcesssoli... CIP Tank Fill – the CIP tank is filled from one of the units in operation. CIP Tank Heating – for acid CIPs， the water in the CIP tank is heated to 40 °C. Backwash - The skid is backwashed to remove excess solids and maximize the chemical cleaning efficiency. The backwash waste is drained to the regular waste outlet. Hot water Fill - The skid is filled with water from the CIP tank. Filtrate Recirculation and Chemical Dosing - The CIP transfer/recirculation pump starts to recirculate the water to the skid in a closed loop. The skid is fully isolated from the rest of the system， typically by block and bleed systems. The acid or chlorine (sodium hypochlorite) is added in the loop at the beginning of the recirculation sequence until the appropriate quantity of cleaning chemical is added. Filtrate Recirculation – The cleaning solution is recirculated through the filtrate side of the membrane array. This step is similar to filtration. Soak/Aeration - The modules are left to soak for a preset time. With an acid clean， repeated aeration steps can be used to improve cleaning efficiency. Draindown - The cleaning solution is drained away from the skid to drain or to the neutralization system if the system incorporates one. Rinse Backwash - The skid is refilled with feed water and backwashed to remove residual chemical. All rinse water is directed to drain or the neutralization system. Filtration to Waste – The unit is put into filtration but the filtrate with chemical residue is sent to drain or the neutralization system. The pH and ORP meters are used to verify that the skids have been rinsed to the point where the filtrate has no chemical cleaning residue. The unit can then be put back into filtration or standby. Pressure Decay Test (PDT) The integrity test procedure is similar to that used on all of the other Memcor systems. The principal process steps include draining down the lumen of the fibers， pressurizing the inside of the module fibers with integrity air while the upper backwash waste outlet valve is open to atmospheric pressure， shutting down the air supply and monitoring the pressure over time using the filtrate pressure transmitter supplied with each unit. The PDT result is logged on the SCADA system and displayed on the SCADA computer as well as the optional local HMI. This result is used to calculate the Log Removal Value (LRV)， which confirms integrity of the system. Each Memcor CP unit is tested at regular time interval adjustable by the operator. The time interval is set at 24 hours by default. 展開

幫忙翻譯下專業(yè)日語(yǔ)！: 急用，謝謝！

翻譯英文~專業(yè)類的: Whilegraphene，acarbon-basedtwo-dimensionalnanomaterials，hasreceivedanupsurgeofinterest，[1]self-assemblyofsmallorganicandorganometallicmoleculesinto2Dnanostructurescouldal... While graphene， a carbon-based two-dimensional nanomaterials， has received an upsurge of interest，[1] self-assembly of small organic and organometallic molecules into 2D nanostructures could also be harnessed to develop new classes of functional supramolecular nanomaterials.[2] In principle， quasi-2D lamellae or nanosheets are planar structures having a thickness less than 100 nm and lateral dimensions a few orders of magnitude greater than their thickness. Control over the bilateral intermolecular noncovalent interactions is anticipated to organize small molecules into regular 2D nanostructures， which has been a formidable challenge yet to be achieved. Recently， Shelnutt and co-workers obtained discrete porphyrin nanosheets reprecipitated from their solutions;[3] Sathish and co-workers constructed hexagonal C60 nanosheets using a liquid–liquid interfacial precipitation method;[4] the groups of Yao[5] and Hu[6] prepared singlecrystalline nanosheets of polycyclic aromatics using a surfactant- assisted reprecipitation and a physical vapor transporting method， respectively; and Zhang and co-workers suggested that molecules with intramolecular charge-transfer dipole moments could be grown into quasi-2D nanostructures.[7] Moreover， some amphiphiles and organogelators were found to self-organize into sheet-like nanostructures in contact with solvents.[8] Despite these advances， templateand surfactant-free synthesis of free-standing， crystalline， and optoelectronically active nanosheets from small molecules remains elusive. 展開

軟件翻譯和人工翻譯哪個(gè)好:

高分求光學(xué)薄膜物理專業(yè)英語(yǔ)翻譯有追加: 翻譯論文摘要給出了部分關(guān)鍵詞希望對(duì)你您有所幫助也希望您對(duì)我有所幫助呵呵部分關(guān)鍵字：帶通濾光片近紅外膜系設(shè)計(jì) 短波通 ZX波長(zhǎng) 透射率 key words :pass-band optical filter； near infrared; film system design;short wave pass；centr... 翻譯論文摘要給出了部分關(guān)鍵詞希望對(duì)你您有所幫助也希望您對(duì)我有所幫助呵呵部分關(guān)鍵字：帶通濾光片近紅外膜系設(shè)計(jì) 短波通 ZX波長(zhǎng) 透射率 key words :pass-band optical filter； near infrared; film system design;short wave pass；central wavelength ；transmittance 翻譯正文如下：摘要：隨著礦難的頻頻發(fā)生，瓦斯探測(cè)器的靈敏度越來(lái)越受到人們重視。本文中的紅外吸收型甲烷檢測(cè)儀便具有選擇性強(qiáng)，靈敏度高等優(yōu)點(diǎn)。其中近紅外濾光片為該裝置的核心部件。本文介紹了利用特征矩陣法進(jìn)行薄膜設(shè)計(jì)的制作方法。采用Si和SiO2作為薄膜材料，利用ZX波長(zhǎng)不同的長(zhǎng)波通和短波通濾光片對(duì)接，以完成近紅外波段的帶通濾光片設(shè)計(jì)。該濾光片ZX波長(zhǎng)為1651nm，并在該波長(zhǎng)附近的透射率可達(dá)到95%。能翻多少翻多少一句也行呀呵呵 google的就免了，翻得好有追加，人格擔(dān)保~~ 展開

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