AFM provides pharmaceutical researchers and manufacturers with a wide variety of techniques to evaluate the steps of the drug formulation process. The examples in this article indicate that with high-resolution imaging in air and fluid environments, AFM has found utility in the study of dynamic processes, fabrication variables, component distribution, and structure-function relationships. With its capability for TappingMode and PhaseImaging techniques, AFM provides information that cannot be acquired by other analytical techniques. Thus, AFM is finding increasing use in the pharmaceutical industry, which will undoubtedly lead to more applications and the adoptions of other SPM techniques. 布魯克Innova 掃描探針顯微鏡