In this study we present scaled 2D physical models based on extensional deformation of a cohesive mixture of sand and gypsum. We studied the detailed evolution of normal faults in a graben above a rigid basement, in order to evaluate its deformation in time and space over a wide scale range. The material properties and the apparatus setup allow a sca領(lǐng) of the laboratory experiments with respect to the natural prototypes in the North German Basin. The structural evolution and displacement field was analysed by digital photography and Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV). 德國(guó)LaVision PIV/PLIF粒子成像測(cè)速場(chǎng)儀 材料應(yīng)變形變成像測(cè)量?jī)x Imager intense PIV相機(jī)