求翻譯段英文合同，謝謝了。
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The exhaust air from the kitchen shall be cleaned as sufficient as possible over the place of generation by an aerosol separator accommodated in the hood. The aerosol separators shall be easily accessible， easy-to-demount and cleanable in a... The exhaust air from the kitchen shall be cleaned as sufficient as possible over the place of generation by an aerosol separator accommodated in the hood. The aerosol separators shall be easily accessible， easy-to-demount and cleanable in a dish washer. To this end they shall be made of chromium nickel steel only. The rate of flow recommended by the manufacturer for the separator shall be kept. Knit fabric filters and plug-on grille filters as the only aerosol separators shall not be used. The exhaustion hoods in the kitchens which are arranged on top of kitchen equipment and used to collect vapor and steams quickly shall be designed such that a sufficiently high retaining capacity is achieved. Kitchen exhaust air hoods shall at least 0.2 m protrude over the circumference on top of the kitchen appliance. If the lower edge of the hood is higher than 2.10 m on top of the floor， a higher protrusion shall be provided (angle of opening = 12° from the edge of working areas). Collection chutes shall be free from burr and arranged such at all sides that they can be drained via drains. Hoods of chromium nickel steel with integrated lighting only shall be used as exhaustion hoods. If outdoor air lines to kitchens or other rooms are passed through fire sections， they shall be equipped with suitable and approved fire protection flaps or the pipeline shall be provided with a fire protection lining from the outlet of the room. The fire protection flaps used shall be tested and approved for the relevant case of application. Exhaust air channels shall be made of fire-resistant material. Specific measures are required for the use of gas heated large-size kitchen equipment in order to ensure the necessary supply of combustion air on the one hand and to ensure reliable exhaust gas dissipation on the other. If kitchen exhaust air and exhaust gases of gas appliances are fed off commonly， an additional safeguard shall be provided. This safeguard shall switch off the gas fired equipment if the exhaust air system fails. The high exhaust gas temperatures shall be taken into account when selecting the hood structure. In any case， gas equipment shall be operated only if the room air system is in operation. 展開
全部評論(3條)
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- bcnztlmg 2011-01-14 00:00:00
- 技術(shù)室 在所有船內(nèi)的技術(shù)室，是5倍換氣JIC之居室空氣中的這些變化是如此之高，是Z大的房間溫度高于室外溫度5 K的
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- 安心892 2011-01-07 00:00:00
- 廚房中的廢氣應(yīng)該通過在發(fā)動機(jī)罩內(nèi)安置的噴霧分離器被及時充分的清理。噴霧分離器應(yīng)該是容易接近，容易卸下并能在洗碟機(jī)被清晰的。為了這個目的，他們應(yīng)用高強(qiáng)度耐蝕絡(luò)鎳鋼制成。被制造商檢為分離器所建議的流量應(yīng)該被保持。作為噴霧分離器唯yi的針織物過濾器和方格濾器不應(yīng)該用。
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- socool薇 2011-01-07 00:00:00
- 廚房廢氣應(yīng)當(dāng)盡可能的用氣溶膠分離器在罩住的前提下從其排放口附近清除掉．而這個氣溶膠分離器應(yīng)當(dāng)容易使用，容易卸裝并且能夠在洗碟／碗機(jī)中進(jìn)行清洗．依此條件，他們應(yīng)該是由鉻鎳鋼制成的．一定要保正使用時的流動速率是在制造商所推薦范圍之內(nèi)．而針織過濾器和格柵過濾器是唯yi的兩個不得使用的氣溶膠分離器．廚房中被安裝在設(shè)備頂部用來快速吸存水蒸氣的廢氣罩應(yīng)被設(shè)計至擁有足夠高的截留能力．這個廚房排氣罩也要高出廚房各類用具至少0.2米，如果罩子與地面的距離高過2.10米，那么這個距離也將增加（從工作區(qū)的邊緣起成12°角）．吸存斜槽應(yīng)該沒有毛刺，安置時要保證每一面都能夠通過排管來排水（／氣）．擁有綜合照明的鉻鎳鋼罩只能被用作為排氣罩．如果連向廚房或其它房間的室外空氣通過用火部分時，其應(yīng)備有合適的和符合標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的防火擋板，或者其管道在房間出口處（outlet of room，這個我不太確定）應(yīng)當(dāng)擁有防火襯砌．防火擋板應(yīng)經(jīng)過在相關(guān)的環(huán)境和條件下的測試．廢氣管道應(yīng)是由防火材料所制成的．應(yīng)提前準(zhǔn)備特別的措施，一方面以應(yīng)對當(dāng)保障適量可燃?xì)怏w的供應(yīng)的氣體使用加熱了大型廚房設(shè)備，另一方面以確?？煽康膹U氣的消耗．如果廚房排煙空氣和廢氣的氣體電器正常性的回暖，需要提起準(zhǔn)備一個額外的保護(hù)措施．當(dāng)廢氣系統(tǒng)失靈時，這個保護(hù)措施應(yīng)能允許關(guān)閉燃?xì)庠O(shè)備．高廢氣溫度也應(yīng)當(dāng)是選擇罩子結(jié)構(gòu)時的一個考量．在任何情況下都要保證氣體設(shè)備只在房間空氣系統(tǒng)運(yùn)行時才能啟動． 純?nèi)朔芰τ邢?，不足之處還忘見諒．
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- 求翻譯段英文合同，謝謝了。
- The exhaust air from the kitchen shall be cleaned as sufficient as possible over the place of generation by an aerosol separator accommodated in the hood. The aerosol separators shall be easily accessible， easy-to-demount and cleanable in a... The exhaust air from the kitchen shall be cleaned as sufficient as possible over the place of generation by an aerosol separator accommodated in the hood. The aerosol separators shall be easily accessible， easy-to-demount and cleanable in a dish washer. To this end they shall be made of chromium nickel steel only. The rate of flow recommended by the manufacturer for the separator shall be kept. Knit fabric filters and plug-on grille filters as the only aerosol separators shall not be used. The exhaustion hoods in the kitchens which are arranged on top of kitchen equipment and used to collect vapor and steams quickly shall be designed such that a sufficiently high retaining capacity is achieved. Kitchen exhaust air hoods shall at least 0.2 m protrude over the circumference on top of the kitchen appliance. If the lower edge of the hood is higher than 2.10 m on top of the floor， a higher protrusion shall be provided (angle of opening = 12° from the edge of working areas). Collection chutes shall be free from burr and arranged such at all sides that they can be drained via drains. Hoods of chromium nickel steel with integrated lighting only shall be used as exhaustion hoods. If outdoor air lines to kitchens or other rooms are passed through fire sections， they shall be equipped with suitable and approved fire protection flaps or the pipeline shall be provided with a fire protection lining from the outlet of the room. The fire protection flaps used shall be tested and approved for the relevant case of application. Exhaust air channels shall be made of fire-resistant material. Specific measures are required for the use of gas heated large-size kitchen equipment in order to ensure the necessary supply of combustion air on the one hand and to ensure reliable exhaust gas dissipation on the other. If kitchen exhaust air and exhaust gases of gas appliances are fed off commonly， an additional safeguard shall be provided. This safeguard shall switch off the gas fired equipment if the exhaust air system fails. The high exhaust gas temperatures shall be taken into account when selecting the hood structure. In any case， gas equipment shall be operated only if the room air system is in operation. 展開
2011-01-06 01:05:10
518
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- 英語高手幫忙翻譯段英文 謝謝??！
- In this paper， the degradation of an azo dye Orange G (OG) on nitrogen-doped TiO2 photocatalysts has been investigated under visible light and sunlight irradiation. Under visible light irradiation， the doped TiO2 nanocatalysts demonstrated ... In this paper， the degradation of an azo dye Orange G (OG) on nitrogen-doped TiO2 photocatalysts has been investigated under visible light and sunlight irradiation. Under visible light irradiation， the doped TiO2 nanocatalysts demonstrated higher activity than the commercial Dugussa P25 TiO2， allowing more ef?cient utilization of solar light， while under sunlight， P25 showed higher photocatalytic activity. According to the X-ray diffraction (XRD)， X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and UV–vis spectra analyses， it was found that both the nanosized anatase structure and the appearance of new absorption band in the visible region caused by nitrogen doping were responsible for the signi?cant enhancement of OG degradation under visible light. In addition， the photosensitized oxidation mechanism originated from OG itself was also considered contributing to the higher visible-light-induced degradation ef?ciency. The effect of the initial pH of the solution and the dosage of hydrogen peroxide under different light sources was also investigated. Under visible light and sunlight， the optimal solution pH was both 2.0， while the optimal dosage of H2O2 was 5.0 and 15.0 mmol/l， respectively. Azodyes， which are characterized by the presence of one or more azo bonds ( N N )， are among the most notorious widespread environmental pollutants associated with textile，cosmetic， food colorants， printing， and pharmaceutical indus-tries. Because of their non-degradability， toxicity， potential mutagenicity and carcinogenicity， wastewaters originating from these dyes production or application industries pose a major threat to the surrounding ecosystems and human beings’ health.[1–3].Environmental concerns and the need of meeting the strin-gent international standards for rejecting wastewaters has made the development of novel and cost-effective processes for the puri?cation of azo dyes ef?uents an issue of major technological importance. 展開
2011-05-06 19:00:45
584
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- 求翻譯英文文獻(xiàn)
- 2.2. Material Characterizations. A field emission scanning electron microscope (SEM， JEOL 6701F) was used to investigate the morphologies， particle sizes of the samples. Transmission electron microscopy and elemental compositions of the ... 2.2. Material Characterizations. A field emission scanning electron microscope (SEM， JEOL 6701F) was used to investigate the morphologies， particle sizes of the samples. Transmission electron microscopy and elemental compositions of the samples were determined by JEM-2100F (JEOL) coupled with an energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX， Phoenix) system. Wide-angle and low-angle X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) of the as-obtained samples were recorded on a Rigaku D/max-2500 with Cu Kα radiation (λ = 1.540 56 ?) operated at 40 kV and 200 mA. Raman measurements were performed using a DXR from Thermo Scientific with a laser wavelength of 532 nm. To calculate the pore size distribution and pore volumes， the nitrogen absorption and desorption isotherms were measured at 77.3 K with an Autosorb-1 specific surface area analyzer from Quantachrome. The content of N in N-doped porous carbon was determined by NHC elemental analysis using Flash EA 1112. Thermogravimetric (TG) analysis of S/C composite was performed on TG/DTA 6300 in an N2 flow to obtain the S content in the composite. A four-contact method was applied to measure the powder electronic conductivity of porous carbons. The powder sample was pressed to disk at 4 MPa with two stainless-steel plungers， whose resistance was measured by a Keithley 2400 digital multimeter in fourwire mode. The conductivity of the sample was calculated according to the resistance and the size of the disk. Information of the surface elements was obtained by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) performed on the Thermo Scientific ESCALab 250Xi using 200 W monochromatic Al Kα radiation. The 500 μm X-ray spot was used for XPS analysis. The base pressure in the analysis chamber was about 3 × 10?10 mbar. All reported data of XPS binding energy are calibrated based on the hydrocarbon C 1s line at 284.8 eV from adventitious carbon. Spectra were fitted with Lorentzian?Gaussian functions and smart background using Thermo Avantage software. 展開
2014-12-28 15:14:51
571
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- 哪位高手能幫我翻譯一下 謝謝了
- 3.3. Microbial mapping The intensity of resonance Raman spectra of Cyt c allows for integration times below one second. Microbial mapping of an area of 50×50 μm2 with a resolution of 500 nm/pixel (10，000 single spectra) can be perform... 3.3. Microbial mapping The intensity of resonance Raman spectra of Cyt c allows for integration times below one second. Microbial mapping of an area of 50×50 μm2 with a resolution of 500 nm/pixel (10，000 single spectra) can be performed in less than 3 h. A further reduction of the measuring duration by a factor of 10 can be achieved by utilisation of an EMCCD camera (Coates et al.， 2004). Microbial mapping was done on granules from two different sequencing batch reactors (SBR) (Gaul et al.， 2006). The SBRs are used to analyse control parameters for the anaerobic ammonium oxidation. Fig. 7 shows two different microbial colonies in the same granulum. A graphical analysis of the spectroscopic data at 750 cm-1 (dominant resonant Raman band of Cyt c) and 2900 cm-1 (CH stretching mode) differentiated the two colonies. One colony shows stronger Raman signals at 750 cm-1 (blue frame). Whereas the other microorganisms have more amount of methyl or methylene groups (yellow frame). After the graphical analysis above， an average spectrum was constructed for each colony. The resulting averaged spectra were transferred to our Raman database of wastewater bacteria created by OPUS. The software recognized the microorganisms Fig. 5. Time series of N. eutropha Nm 57 which is captured by optical tweezers. Time difference between spectra: 1 s; Laser power: 9 mW. The bleaching effect due to photo-dissociation caused by laser radiation is easy to see. Fig. 6. The spectral heterogeneity of hierarchical clusteringis strongly dependent to the integration time. Bacteria from the same strain are only groupedtogether if the exposure time was the same. 246 R. P?tzold et al. / Journal of Microbiological Methods 72 (2008) 241–248 in the left colony as anammox bacteria， those in the upper right corner as Nitrosomonas. 展開
2008-11-08 00:52:54
436
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- 求翻譯，除濕機(jī)功能按鈕英文！
- Z主要是模式那三個真的搞不明白。
2014-03-11 12:05:49
538
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- 高手幫忙翻譯一工科英文??！高分大謝！
- Figure 2 SEM micrographs of worn seat insert surface of engine #6175 after 1474 hours of testing. The arrows and labels indicate the locations of EDX analysis. The same adhesion phenomenon occurs on the valve seat surfaces. Figure 4 show... Figure 2 SEM micrographs of worn seat insert surface of engine #6175 after 1474 hours of testing. The arrows and labels indicate the locations of EDX analysis. The same adhesion phenomenon occurs on the valve seat surfaces. Figure 4 shows SEM micrographs of the worn exhaust valve seat surface of engine #6175 after 1474 hours of testing. The valve material is Stellite 6 faced 23-8N (solution treated and aged). The arrows in Figure 4b indicate the locations of EDX analysis. Note the pits and deposits on the worn seat surface. Figures 5a shows the EDX spectrum of spot A on Figure 4b showing adhered insert material. Note molybdenum and manganese in the spectrum. Figure 5b shows the EDX spectrum of spot B in Figure 4b showing both adhered insert material and oil deposits. Note molybdenum.， phosphorous， chlorine， calcium， and zinc in the spectrum. Other valves from different engines labeled as "adhesion" in Table 2 share this typical adhesive phenomenon. The adhesive wear mode appears to predominate at valve seat interfaces with high asperity contact stresses or high combustion pressure. The surface roughness can contribute to adhesion significantly. Valves faced with Stellite alloy show less adhesive wear than unfaced valves， Table 2. The presence of high melting point phases， such as carbide or ceramic compounds in the contacting materials is believed to help prevent microwelding or adhesion related wear. Shear strain， also known as radial flow， is defined as the first derivative of the displacement， i.e.， . Figure 6 [8]. Shear strain controlled wear can characterized as a surface plastic deformation process. The wear is the result of the shear strain on the seat surface exceeding the plasticity limit of the material. The material is then detached or delaminated from the seating surface as wear particles. The typical appearance of shear strain controlled wear are ridges and/or radial flow of material on valve seats and inserts. Shear strain controlled wear sometimes is associated with adhesion. 展開
2009-02-19 16:10:31
425
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- 翻譯段文獻(xiàn)麻煩
- Eventhoughfluorescentprobesforcopperionhavebeenextensivelyexploredowingtobiologicalsignificanceofthismetalion，4therearestillonlyafewexamplesof“off-on”typesensorsavailab... Even though fluorescent probes for copper ion have been extensively explored owing to biological significance of this metal ion，4 there are still only a few examples of “off-on” type sensors available in aqueous systems.5 Furthermore， only a few ratiometric fluorescent probes for Cu2+ have been found in the literature due the fluorescence quenching nature of paramagnetic Cu2+，6 and most of them were working only in pure organic solvents. Ratiometric fluorescent measurements observe changes in the ratio of the intensities of the emission at two wavelengths. Thus， ratiometric fluorescent sensors have an important feature that they can be used to evaluate the analyte concentration and provide built-in correction for environmental effects. On the other hand， rhodamine derivatives are nonfluorescent and colorless， whereas ring-opening of the corresponding spirolactam gives rise to strong fluorescence emission and a pink color. Recently， a spirolactam (nonfluorescent) to ringopened amide (fluorescent) process was utilized for the detection of metal ions.5a，b，d，e，7 We introduced rhodamine fluorophore onto the pyrene moiety， which was utilized as a selective fluorescent and colorimetric sensor for Cu2+ in aqueous solution. Among the various metal ions， the chemosensor PRC displayed highly selective ratiometric changes upon the addition of Cu2+. As expected， the pyrene moiety served successfully as a source of these ratiometric changes. As far as we are aware， PRC is the first ratiometric sensor based on rhodamine derivative. For comparison， pyrene-based compound P4 was synthesized to test the fluorescence change with Cu2+. 展開
2009-12-23 07:28:19
484
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- 急求翻譯 請幫忙翻譯一下這篇英文資料，急用?。。。?
- Wells-BrookfieldCone/PlateRapidDeterminationOfAbsoluteViscosityIntroductionTheWells-BrookfieldCone/PlateViscometergivesresearchersasophisticatedinstrumentforroutinelydete... Wells-Brookfield Cone/Plate Rapid Determination Of Absolute Viscosity Introduction The Wells-Brookfield Cone/Plate Viscometer gives researchers a sophisticated instrument for routinely determining absolute viscosity of fluids in small sample volumes. Its cone and plate geometry provides the precision necessary for development of complete rheological data. Principle of Operation The Wells-Brookfield Cone/Plate Viscometer is a precise torque meter which is driven at discrete rotational speeds. The torque measuring system， which consists of a calibrated beryllium-copper spring connecting the drive mechanism to a rotating cone， senses the resistance to rotation caused by the presence of sample fluid between the cone and a stationary flat plate. The resistance to the rotation of the cone produces a torque that is proportional to the shear stress in the fluid. The amount of torque is indicated either on a dial or digital display， depending on model. This reading is easily converted to absolute centipoise units (mPa.s) from pre-calculated range charts. Alternatively， viscosity can be calculated from the known geometric constants of the cone， the rate of rotation， and the stress related torque. See Range Tables The correct relative position of cone and plate is obtained by following a simple mechanical procedure without the need for external gauges or supplementary instrumentation. The stationary plate forms the bottom of a sample cup which can be removed， filled with .5 ml to 2.0 ml of sample fluid (depending on cone in use)， and remounted without disturbing the calibration. The sample cup is jacketed and has tube fittings for connection to a constant temperature circulating bath. The system is accurate to within ?.0% of the working range. Reproducibility is to within ?.2%. Working temperature range is from 0oC to 100oC. 展開
2018-11-17 09:10:28
461
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- 翻譯以下英文：
- The standard error of the mean (SEM) is a measure of how far your sample mean is likely to be from the true population mean. The SEM is calculated by this equation:SEM=SD/N. With large samples， the SEM is always small. By itself， the SEM i... The standard error of the mean (SEM) is a measure of how far your sample mean is likely to be from the true population mean. The SEM is calculated by this equation:SEM=SD/N. With large samples， the SEM is always small. By itself， the SEM is difficult to interpret. It is easier to interpret the 95% confidence interval， which is calculated from the SEM. 展開
2007-11-15 02:56:39
547
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- 急迫需要一段文字翻譯(英文).有英文好的幫幫忙好嗎?先謝了!
- 試驗(yàn)要求 ： 1）測定委托樣品的鎘含量 2）測定委托樣品的鉛含量 3）測定委托樣品的汞含量 4）測定委托樣品的六價鉻Cr( VI )含量 5）測定委托樣品的多溴聯(lián)苯（PBBs）多溴聯(lián)苯醚（PBBEs/PBDEs）含量 6) 測定委托樣品的多環(huán)芳香烴含量 7）測定委托樣品的石... 試驗(yàn)要求 ： 1）測定委托樣品的鎘含量 2）測定委托樣品的鉛含量 3）測定委托樣品的汞含量 4）測定委托樣品的六價鉻Cr( VI )含量 5）測定委托樣品的多溴聯(lián)苯（PBBs）多溴聯(lián)苯醚（PBBEs/PBDEs）含量 6) 測定委托樣品的多環(huán)芳香烴含量 7）測定委托樣品的石棉含量 試驗(yàn)方法： 1）參照BSEA1122：2001方法B其他酸消解 采用電感撮合等離子發(fā)射光譜法（ICP－AES）進(jìn)行分析或原子吸收光譜法（AAS）進(jìn)行分析 2）參照美國環(huán)境保護(hù)局（US EPA）方法3050B或其他酸消解 采用電感撮合等離子發(fā)射光譜法（ICP－AES）進(jìn)行分析或原子吸收光譜法（AAS）進(jìn)行分析 3）參照USEFA3052方法或其他酸消解 采用電感撮合等離子發(fā)射光譜法（ICP－AES）進(jìn)行分析或USEPA7473采用測汞儀進(jìn)行分析 4）參照US EPASOODA&US EPA7108A進(jìn)行分析 采用紫外分光光度計進(jìn)行分析 5）參照USEPASD&1A/S270OMS400/SSS0B，采用GGMS進(jìn)行分析， 6）參照USEPA&2700，采用GOMS進(jìn)行分析 7）石棉電解分析參考NIOSH90000/X光線射定性分析法（XRD） 展開
2006-08-22 13:06:26
589
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- 化工專業(yè)術(shù)語，要一百個，急求，謝謝了……
2012-01-30 15:21:54
376
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- 我有一段英文，看不明白，求翻譯
- Thetubewillbesupportedbypillarswhichconstrainthetubeintheverticaldirectionbutallowlongitudinalslipforthermalexpansionaswellasdampenedlateralsliptoreducetheriskposedbyeart... The tube will be supported by pillars which constrain the tube in the vertical direction but allow longitudinal slip for thermal expansion as well as dampened lateral slip to reduce the risk posed by earthquakes. In addition， the pillar to tube connection nominal position will be adjustable vertically and laterally to ensure proper alignment despite possible ground settling. These minimally constrained pillars to tube joints will also allow a smoother ride. Specially designed slip joints at each stations will be able take any tube length variance due to thermal expansion. This is an ideal location for the thermal expansion joints as the speed is much lower nearby the stations. It thus allows the tube to be smooth and welded along the high speed gliding middle section. The spacing of the Hyperloop pillars retaining the tube is critical to achieve the design objective of the tube structure. The average spacing is 100 ft (30 m)， which means there will be near 25，000 pillars supporting both tubes and solar panels. The pillars will be 20 ft (6 m) tall whenever possible but may vary in height in hilly areas or where obstacles are in the way. Also， in some key areas， the spacing will have to vary in order to pass over roads or other obstacles. Small spacing between each support reduces the deflection of the tube keeping the capsule steadier and the journey more enjoyable. In addition， reduced spacing has increased resistance to seismic loading as well as the lateral acceleration of the capsule. 有些橋墩與管道之間的細(xì)節(jié)問題希望能仔細(xì)處理清楚，十分感謝??！ 追加15分！ 能手動翻譯一下嗎？！ 展開
2013-12-03 16:23:25
293
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- 數(shù)控車床單段英文叫什么
2018-11-10 19:13:38
359
0
- 求大神分析掃描電鏡圖片，形貌分析，謝謝了
2014-12-21 21:18:59
349
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- 高分求高人翻譯植物化學(xué)英文材料，謝謝
- Review Enzymatic protein hydrolysis plays a major role in various physiological processes， including digestion， and is regulated by proteinase inhibitors. Inhibitors in foods and food ingredients can reduce the absorption of free amino aci... Review Enzymatic protein hydrolysis plays a major role in various physiological processes， including digestion， and is regulated by proteinase inhibitors. Inhibitors in foods and food ingredients can reduce the absorption of free amino acids， and can impair protein hydrolysis in industrial processes. However， inhibitors can be useful tools in pest control， in the prevention and treatment of diseases such as cancers and AIDS， and in the elimination of unwanted proteinase activity in food processes. Proteinase inhibitors are also useful biochemical tools for studying proteinase classes and specificities. This article discusses how proteinase inhibition is involved in some processes of current interest to food scientists and technologists. Enzymatic protein hydrolysis is a major concern for biological scientists. The hydrolysis of proteins is catalyzed by peptide-bond-splitting enzymes (Box 1). Proteinases and peptidases are involved in the hydrolysis of protein during digestion， and have important roles in physiology and pathology. Enzymatic protein hydrolysis is controlled in several ways， including by the use of specific inhibitors (Box 2). Proteinase inhibition is a common process in nature. Proteinase-inhibitor interactions are involved in protein digestion， various physiological processes (e.g. blood coagulation， fibrinolysis， complement activation and phagocytosis)， pathological processes (e.g. cancers and hypertension) and infection Another natural method of controlling proteinase activity is the synthesis of an inactive form of the enzyme， the zymogen. Zymogens are activated， usually by the action of another proteinase， in the digestive system and also during regulatory physiological processes. When an enzyme is in its active form， proteinase inhibition is an exquisite means of enzyme control in physiological processes， which is achieved by highly specific inhibitors. The importance of the control of proteolytic activity by inhibitors in physiological processes is demonstrated by the fact that inhibitor molecules exceed 10% of the total protein in human plasma. The fact that the control of proteolysis by inhibitors is so specific makes it a valuable tool in medicine， agriculture and food technology. The human immune deficiency virus proteinase， the digestive systems of crop pests， and fish muscle proteases are some examples of targets for study. Most organisms produce proteinase inhibitors as a means to control proteolytic processes.Some organisms store huge amounts of inhibitors， for example legume seeds and some leaves. This seems to be an evolutionary response to predation. Inhibitors for digestive proteinases in food and feed Some food ingredients contain so-called antinutritive factors: lectins， phenols， and other factors， including certain proteins that inhibit proteinases. The presence of proteinase inhibitors in living tissues seems to be a natural regulatory process 展開
2008-06-05 11:17:05
420
2
- 急求英語達(dá)人幫忙翻譯段文章，在線等謝謝
- The incorporation of silicon from the quartz-made growth chamber， characteristic of NIRIM-type reactor is insignificant in our samples， if any. The peak at 1.681 eV from the Si–V defect is totally absent from our films (not shown here)， wh... The incorporation of silicon from the quartz-made growth chamber， characteristic of NIRIM-type reactor is insignificant in our samples， if any. The peak at 1.681 eV from the Si–V defect is totally absent from our films (not shown here)， which supports the good quality of these films. The improvement of the crystalline quality of {111} films is explained by the weak ion bombardment of the sample during its growth outside the plasma ball. Raman measurements (not shown in this work) have also confirmed the high crystalline quality of our films， in particular in the low doping range. Very high boron concentrations (up to 5×1021 cm?3) have been reached at this growth position， outside the plasma ball. 展開
2010-03-12 07:46:42
480
2
- 求助，英文文獻(xiàn)翻譯！
- 2. Experimental 2.1 Materials Nano-CaCO3 particles (D50: 30?70 nm by TEM (Fig. 1) and BET: ca.17m2·g-1) were supplied by Shanghai Zhuoyue Nanotech Corporation. Methyl methacrylate (MMA， Shanghai Lingfeng Chemicals) was purified ... 2. Experimental 2.1 Materials Nano-CaCO3 particles (D50: 30?70 nm by TEM (Fig. 1) and BET: ca.17m2·g-1) were supplied by Shanghai Zhuoyue Nanotech Corporation. Methyl methacrylate (MMA， Shanghai Lingfeng Chemicals) was purified by distillation under reduced pressure; potassium persulphate (K2S2O8， initiator， Shanghai Lingfeng Chemicals) was of chemical grade. Silane coupling agent A174 (γ-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane) was purchased from Shanghai Yaohua Factory. Polyvinylchloride (PVC， WS-1000S) was supplied by Shanghai Chlor-Alkali Chemical Co.， Ltd. Fig. 1 Morphology of untreated CaCO3 nanoparticles. Fig. 2 Morphology of PMMA-coated CaCO3 nanoparticles. 2.2 PMMA emulsion polymerization on CaCO3 nanoparticles 2.2.1 Surface silanation of nano-CaCO3 particles The nano-CaCO3 particles were homogeneously dispersed in ethanol (solid content 20%) by a sonication dispersion equipment. The slurry was then heated to 80°C with stirring， and the silane coupling agent A174 (5%， calculated based on the weight of nano-CaCO3 particles) was added into the slurry. After the slurry was stirred for 120 min at 80°C， it was filtered and the filter cake was then dried at 120°C in low vacuum for 120 min to obtain silanated CaCO3 powders. 展開
2011-05-16 00:26:36
469
4
- 求助，英文文獻(xiàn)翻譯~
- PMMA has good compatibility with PVC due to specific interaction of a hydrogen bonding type between carbonyl groups (C=O) of PMMA and hydrogen from (CHCl) groups of PVC (Belhaneche-Bensemra et al.， 2002; Ramesh et al.， 2002). Zhou et al... PMMA has good compatibility with PVC due to specific interaction of a hydrogen bonding type between carbonyl groups (C=O) of PMMA and hydrogen from (CHCl) groups of PVC (Belhaneche-Bensemra et al.， 2002; Ramesh et al.， 2002). Zhou et al. (2001) studied the relationship between the coating thickness of PMMA on the surface of talc and mechanical properties of PMMA-g-talc/PVC composites， and found that there existed a critical thickness. Xie (2001) found that the PMMA coating on talc improved the dispersion of talc in the PVC matrix and enhanced the interfacial adhesion between talc and PVC. There appears to be a critical coating thickness of PMMA on the talc surface for optimum toughening. Quan et al. (2002) reported improved toughness and intension of the PVC composites filled with CaCO3/ACR core-shell complex particles prepared by in-situ emulsion polymerization of acrylic ester. In the present work， PMMA coated on the surface of CaCO3 nanoparticles by in-situ emulsion polymerization was characterized by FT-IR and 1H-NMR. The effects of PMMA thickness and particle fraction on the mechanical properties of PMMA-coated CaCO3 /PVC nanocomposites were also investigated. 展開
2011-05-16 04:20:15
525
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